DADIMA (Seed)
Dadima consists of dried seed of Punica granatum Linn. (Fam. Punicaceae); a large deciduous shrub or a small tree, found growing wild in the warm valley, outer hills of Himalayas between 900- 1800 m and cultivated in many parts of the country.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Dadimacchada, Lohitapuspa, Dantabija
Assamese : —
Bengali : Ddima
English : Pomegranate
Gujrati : Dadama
Hindi : Anar
Kannada : Dalimba
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Matalam
Marathi : Dadimba
Oriya : —
Punjabi : Anar
Tamil : Madalai, Maadalai. Madalam
Telugu : Danimma
Urdu : Anar, Rumman
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Seeds brown, angular, wedge-shaped, 0.5-0.6 cm long, 0.1-0.2 cm wide; taste, sweetish-sour.
b) Microscopic
Seed – Shows testa consisting of thin-walled, parenchymatous cells followed by stony tegmen consisting of lignified, round, oval, triangular and rectangular, thick-walled stone cells having narrow and wide lumen; beneath this, reddish-brown pigmented layer present; endosperm absent; cotyledons coiled, consisting of oval to polygonal, thin walled, parenchymatous cells, containing a few oil globules; starch grains present in testa, round to oval, simple, measuring 3-17 n in diameter.
Powder – Reddish-brown; shows stone cells, oil globules, and a few simple round to oval starch grains measuring 3-17 n in diameter.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 4 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 0.5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 20 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 35 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of alcoholic extract of the drug on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using Chloroform:Ethylacetate : Formic acid (5:4:1) v/v three spots at Rf. 0.62, 0.87 (both grey) and 0.97 (pink) are seen in visible light. Under U.V. (366 nm) four fluorescent zones are visible at Rf. 0.12 (sky blue), 0.45 (sky blue), 0.62 (blue) & 0.87 (blue). On exposure to Iodine vapour three spots appear at Rf. 0.62, 0.87 & 0.97 (all yellow). On spraying with 5% Methanolic-Sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate for about ten minutes at 110˚ C three spots appear at Rf. 0.62, 0.87 (both violet) & 0.97 (greyish blue).
CONSTITUENTS – Sugars, Vitamin C, Sitosterol, Ursolic acid, Protein, Fat and Mineral matters, Nicotinic acid, Pectin, Riboflavin, Thiamine, Delphinidin diglycoside, Aspartic, Citric, Ellagic, Gallic and Malic acids, Glutamine, Isoquercetin, Estrone and Punicic acid.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Madura Amla : Madhura, Amla
Guna : Laghu, Snigdha, Madura Amla : Laghu
Virya : Usna, Madura Amla : —
Vipaka : Madhura, Madura Amla : —
Karma : Sukrala, Grahi, Hrdya, Kanthya, Medhya, Pittahara, Vatahara, Kaphahara, Tarpana, Mukhagandhahara, Balya.
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Dadimastaka Curna, Dadima Ghrta, Dadhika Ghrta, Bhaskara Lavana, Sukra Matrka Vati.
THERAPEUTIC USES – Daha, Trsna, Jvara
DOSE – 5 to 10 g. of the drug in powder form.
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